Motor stimulation and motor drive technologies
Why ?
To increase the repetition possibilities of an exercise
To put in a situation of being able to carry out a training
To allow performance visualization
To make it more fun, more motivating
To make it easier to perform an exercise
To allow a more autonomous or more personalized action
To assess progress
How? 'Or' What ?
Improve motor function by more intensive training, by more repetitions
Improve the perception of the movement to be achieved by a feedback, for example a visualization
Improve the perception of body image by making it more complete and by stimulating mirror neurons through visualization and imagination of movement
Correct posture, put in a position allowing movement, assist movement to allow training
What approaches?
Motor assistance technology (walker): Innowalk, Hibbot, NF Walker, exoskeleton
Robotic motor assistance technology: Lokomat
Robotic orthosis: Arméo power, Arméo spring
Orthosis: Therathog, DragonFly, taping
Motor training support: therasuit, puliotherapy, Spider
Assisted motor drive: Giger-MD, MOTOmed, oscillating table
Muscle biofeedback: Brucker biofeedback, Rewellio, smart fabrics
Technological mirror therapy: Dessintey
Electrical stimulation: Mollii combination, therapeutic electrical stimulation
Vibration stimulation (sensation of movement): Vibramoov
Rehabilitation video games or virtual reality training
Main scientific publications
Can robot-assisted movement training (Lokomat) improve functional recovery and psychological well-being in chronic stroke? Promising findings from a case study, Funct Neurol. 2014, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò, PhD, Simone Reitano
Lokomat: a therapeutic chance for patients with chronic hemiplegia , NeuroRehabilitation. 2014, Uçar, Paker
What does best evidence tell us about robotic gait rehabilitation in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis , J Clin Neuroscience 2018, Bruni, Melegari
Neurofunctional changes after a single mirror therapy intervention in chronic ischemic stroke Novaes M.; Palhano-Fontes
Systematic review of the effects of mirror therapy in children with cerebral palsy, Eom-ji Park
Neural interface of mirror therapy in chronic stroke patients: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, Neurology India
Partial synthesis
Lokomat
The literature review concludes that patients who have suffered a stroke and treated with Lokomat or Gait Trainer are more likely to obtain better results than with conventional rehabilitation. In addition, lokomat combined with functional electrical stimulation achieves a better result than Lokomat alone.
Patients who completed the Lokomat training had a significantly greater improvement in the “Timed Up and Go” timing test and the 10m timed walking speed test compared to those who underwent conventional training (after 2 weeks of training). 'training 30min / day)
Mirror therapy
The literature review confirms the value of mirror therapy interventions for cerebral palsy.
One study suggests that a single 30-minute mirror therapy session induces an increase in the amplitude of PEMs on the affected limb. The fMRI shows a shift in brain activity from the healthy hemisphere to the motor area of the injured hemisphere. This phenomenon is accompanied by a modification of the inter-hemispheric balance with a decrease in the activity of the healthy hemisphere and an increase in the opposite hemisphere.